1988 Fire Perimeter Map of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, Montana, Idaho

Metadata:

Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Spatial Analysis Center, Yellowstone National Park
Publication_Date: Unpublished Material
Title:
1988 Fire Perimeter Map of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, Montana, Idaho
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
Description:
Abstract:
The growth of the 1988 fires in the Greater Yellowstone Area from July 14 to October 1 is represented in the form of daily fire perimeter maps. Major fires included in the dataset are the North Fork-Wolf Lake, Fan, Hellroaring, Storm Creek, Clover-Mist, Huck, Mink, and the Snake Complex, consisting of the Falls, Red, and Shoshone Fires. This fire record integrates information and data from a variety of sources, including daily infrared photography flights, satellite imagery, ground and aerial reconnaissance, command center intelligence, and the personal recollections of fire behavior observers. Using GRASS GIS software, fire position was digitized from topographic maps to construct a file of daily fire location in vector format. The fire perimeter layer contains polygons made up of perimeters representing the fire position, each with a single attribute of date. The major fire the polygon belongs to is also identified. Large unburned areas within the fires' perimeters were excluded when possible, but the fires burned as mosaics and many small patches of unburned vegetation could not be identified or excluded. Thus the area within the final perimeter will overpredict the actual area burned.
Purpose:
This research effort was initiated soon after the fires were over to reconstruct the fire behavior and the conditions that produced 3 months of large-fire growth. The purpose was to put together a data set suitable for analyzing large-fire growth. Of particular importance to further study are growth progression, rates of spread, and relation of fire progress to weather and terrain.
Supplemental_Information:
One of the key elements of this work has been a comprehensive effort to resolve conflicting or incomplete data and to develop maps accurately depicting the growth of the fires. Considerable thought and care were given to preparation of the fire perimeter map, but there are many potential sources of error; the data should not be considered to be the absolute truth. Boundaries, streams, and sites used for reference at map production scales were taken from a variety of sources and were digitized at a variety of scales. These results should not be considered for determining legal questions such as whether or when a fire burned a particular feature. Two aircrafts (with infrared scanners) were available until late August, when one was sent to other fires. Unfortunately, the largest fire growth was taking place at this time, and one aircraft could not cover all of the active fire perimeter in one night of flying. Areas on the Snake Complex in the south, the Clover-Mist Fire in the eastern section, and the North Fork-Wolf Lake Fire were not well mapped late in the summer.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 19880614
Ending_Date: 19881001
Currentness_Reference: Observed
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None Planned
Spatial_Domain:
Description_of_Geographic_Extent:
Yellowstone National Park and areas to the north, south, east, and west of the park that include the full extent of the 1988 fires.
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -111.2265
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -109.4555
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 45.329
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 43.9205
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: Fire
Theme_Keyword: Wildland fire
Theme_Keyword: ecosystem
Theme_Keyword: fire growth
Theme_Keyword: fire perimeter
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword:
National Park Service, NPS, Department of the Interior, DOI, US Government
Place_Keyword: United States of America, US, USA, North America
Place_Keyword:
Yellowstone National Park, YNP, YELL, Greater Yellowstone Area, GYA, Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, GYE, Park County, Teton County, Fremont County, Gallatin County, Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, Northern Rocky Mountains
Temporal:
Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Temporal_Keyword: 1988
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints: see Supplemental Information section
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:
Spatial Analysis Center - Yellowstone National
Park
Contact_Position: GIS Specialist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing Address
Address: Yellowstone Center for Resources
Address: Spatial Analysis Center
Address: P.O. Box 168
City: Yellowstone National Park
State_or_Province: Wyoming
Postal_Code: 82190
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (307) 344-2246
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (307) 344-2211
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: yell_gis@nps.gov
Hours_of_Service:
8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. (Mountain Time) Monday Through Friday
Contact_Instructions:
Please check web site first: http://www.nps.gov/yell/technical/gis
Browse_Graphic:
Browse_Graphic_File_Name: f88perim.gif
Browse_Graphic_File_Description: 1988 Fire Perimeter Browse Graphic
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: GIF
Security_Information:
Security_Classification_System: None
Security_Classification: Unclassified
Security_Handling_Description: None
Native_Data_Set_Environment: NT-ARC/INFO
Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
Most map dates could be verified by one or more sources of information. In areas flown and mapped daily, the headquarter's map perimeters and dates were corrected with a high degree of certainty. Some of the fire locations in the interior of the fire were uncertain due to large-scale fire activity and the lack of time and resources to map all perimeters. In these cases experience in fire behavior along with weather records and topography were used to identify probable dates and perimeter locations. When an area was not observed for several days, a "best guess" date was assigned based on written descriptions or interviews with fire behavior specialists assigned to the fires. When neither of these methods could be used, the areas were dated as "burned by" the date the perimeter was finally flown. Infrared imaging flights were often made after midnight; the dates for some polygons had originally been set by the date of the IR flight instead of the burn-period date. Infrared flight map times and dates and some IR flight log information were used to verify or correct dates of fire growth. Through these efforts, most map dates could be verified by one or more sources of information. The fires rarely stopped moving at the end of the day, and the time of the depicted fire growth snapshot was not the same for every 24-hour period. Consequently, fires that made a continuous run past midnight are shown as spreading on two separate days. This is especially noticeable from late August until September 10.
Logical_Consistency_Report:
All polygons have complete topology as verified by ARC/INFO vs. 7.0 for UNIX. All polygons have valid labels and attributes.
Completeness_Report:
All available data on fire perimeters were included. Large unburned areas within the fires' perimeters were excluded when possible, but the fires burned as mosaics and many small patches of unburned vegetation could not be identified or excluded.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
Some of the fire locations in the interior of the fire were uncertain due to large-scale fire activity and the lack of time and resources to map all perimeters. In these cases experience in fire behavior along with weather records and topography were used to identify probable perimeter locations. In some cases, two or more versions of the daily fire position were found on maps from different sources. Chronology, weather reports, and the team's shift plan notes were used to select the most probable fire location. The final perimeter of this fire growth mapwas compared to the fire intensity map of YNP to locate burned areas not included on the original headquarters map. Some of the outermost perimeters were matched to the final perimeter shown on the fire intensity map and dated by the fire chronology report.
Lineage:
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Kork Systems, Inc.
Publication_Date: Unpublished Material
Title: Color Infrared Aerial Photography
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Remote-Sensing Image
Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000
Type_of_Source_Media: Paper
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 19881001
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground Condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Aerial Photos
Source_Contribution:
Identification of areas that were actively burning and later for verification of burn perimeters.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Spatial Analysis Center, Yellowstone National Park
Publication_Date: Unpublished Material
Title: 1988 Fire Growth Maps
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Map
Other_Citation_Details: stored in Yellowstone Archives
Source_Scale_Denominator: 62500
Type_of_Source_Media: Paper
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 19881001
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground Condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Fire Growth Maps
Source_Contribution: Used as source of fire perimeter lines
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: USDA
Originator: USDI
Publication_Date: 19881001
Title: Greater Yellowstone Area Fire Situation, 1988
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Lakewood, Colorado
Publisher:
USDA Forest Service Region 2; NPS; Rocky Mountain Region
Other_Citation_Details: Phase II Report; 207 pp
Type_of_Source_Media: Paper
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 19881001
Source_Currentness_Reference: Date of Publication
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Fire Situation
Source_Contribution:
Verification of the data on the composite wall map (quads)
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: YNP Fire Cache staff
Publication_Date: Unpublished Material
Title: misc fire archive maps
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Map
Other_Citation_Details: Stored in the Yellowstone Archives
Source_Scale_Denominator: 62500
Type_of_Source_Media: Paper
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 19881001
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground Condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Fire Maps
Source_Contribution:
reconstruct fire perimeters where the data wasn't available from the IR overlays
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: NPS and USFS fire teams in YNP, 1988
Publication_Date: Unpublished Material
Title: Fire Team Files
Other_Citation_Details: Yellowstone Archives
Type_of_Source_Media: Paper
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 19881001
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground Condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Fire Team Files
Source_Contribution:
reconstruct fire perimeters where the data wasn't available from the IR overlays
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: YNP Fire Cache staff, 1988
Publication_Date: 19881001
Title: Fire Team Shift Plans
Other_Citation_Details: Yellowstone Archives
Type_of_Source_Media: Paper
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 19881001
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground Condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Fire Team Shift Plans
Source_Contribution:
The determine which perimeter was most probable if more than one version existed.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Spatial Analysis Center, Yellowstone National Park
Publication_Date: 19890101
Title:
Burned Area Survey of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, Montana, Idaho. The Fires of 1988.
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Map
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Mammoth, Wyoming
Publisher: Yellowstone National Park
Other_Citation_Details:
Report by the Division of Research and Geographic Information Systems Laboratory, Yellowstone National Park
Source_Scale_Denominator: 250000
Type_of_Source_Media: Disc
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 19890101
Source_Currentness_Reference: Date of Publication
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Fire Intensity
Source_Contribution:
Map was used to overlay with fire perimeter maps to locate burned areas not included in the composite wall map.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: National Weather Service, Boise, ID
Publication_Date: Unpublished Material
Title: Weather Reports
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Document
Type_of_Source_Media: Paper
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 19881001
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground Condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Weather Reports
Source_Contribution:
If more than one version of a fire perimeter existed, the most probable perimeter was located using chronology reports, weather reports, and shift plan notes.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Interagency Fire Center, Boise, ID
Publication_Date: Unpublished Material
Title: Flight line maps and flight log information
Other_Citation_Details: stored at the YNP Archives
Type_of_Source_Media: Paper
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 19881001
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground Condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Flight Line Maps and Flight Log Information
Source_Contribution:
When flight dates were recorded instead of burn date, they were corrected using IR flight line map times and IR flight log information.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Rothermel, Richard C.
Originator: Hartford, Roberta A.
Originator: Chase, Carolyn H.
Publication_Date: 19940101
Title:
Fire Growth Maps for the 1988 Greater Yellowstone Area Fires
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Map
Series_Information:
Series_Name: General Technical Report
Issue_Identification: INT-304
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Ogden, UT
Publisher: USDA Forest Service
Other_Citation_Details:
Rothermel, R. C.; Hartford, R. A.; Chase, C. H. 1994. Fire growth maps for the 1988 Greater Yellowstone Area Fires. General Technical Report INT-304. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 64 p.
Type_of_Source_Media: Paper
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 19880630
Ending_Date: 19881001
Source_Currentness_Reference: Observed
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: 1988 Fire Growth Maps
Source_Contribution:
This is the original study and data format for this layer.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Data from IR scanner flights were transferred by hand to 1:62,500 USGS quad maps (the composite "wall map") and digitized sometime after 1988 in GRASS. The fire perimeters were verified by IR scanner overlays and fire chronology reports. For the days prior to the IR scanner flights and for days when IR data was not available, fire perimeters were reconstructed using maps from the park archives and additional documentation from the files of individual fire teams. If more than one version of a fire perimeter existed, the most probable perimeter was located using chronology reports, weather reports, and shift plan notes. When flight dates were recorded instead of burn date, they were corrected using IR flight line map times and IR flight log information. An overlay of the fire intensity map was used to locate perimeters not included on the composite wall map. Unburned pockets were excluded where possible.
Process_Date: 19930101
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Converted from a GRASS vector file to Arc/Info on UNIX coverage and cleaned up in ArcEdit. Spurious lines were removed, and unclosed polygons were fixed. Coverage was then reprojected from UTM NAD27 into UTM NAD83.
Process_Date: 19950601
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:
Spatial Analysis Center - Yellowstone National
Park
Contact_Position: GIS Specialist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing address
Address: Yellowstone Center for Resources
Address: Spatial Analysis Center
Address: P. O. Box 168
City: Yellowstone National Park
State_or_Province: Wyoming
Postal_Code: 82190
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (307) 344-2246
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (307) 344-2211
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: yell_gis@nps.gov
Hours_of_Service:
8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.(Mountain Time) Monday Through Friday
Contact_Instructions:
Please check web site first: http://www.nps.gov/yell/technical/gis
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector
Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:
SDTS_Terms_Description:
SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: G-Polygon
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Grid_Coordinate_System:
Grid_Coordinate_System_Name:
Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
UTM_Zone_Number: 12
Transverse_Mercator:
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -111
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0
False_Easting: 500000
False_Northing: 0
Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: .9996
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution: .61
Ordinate_Resolution: .61
Planar_Distance_Units: Meters
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
Ellipsoid_Name: Geodedic Reference System 80
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.26
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
The polygons in the data base depict daily fire perimeters of the major fires in Yellowstone National Park (North Fork-Wolf Lake, Fan, Hellroaring, Storm Creek, Clover-Mist, Huck, Mink, and the Snake Complex, consisting of the Falls, Red, and Shoshone Fires). The fire to which an polygon belongs is indicated in the item FIRE in the data base. Each polygon is labeled with the date when the fire burned this area. The dates in the item DATE range from 6/30 to 10/1. The item CATEGORY contains a number which is different for each separate date. The item may serve as a selection item.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
Rothermel, R. C.; Hartford R. A.; Chase, C. H. (1994). Fire growth Maps for the 1988 Greater Yellowstone Area Fires. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. General Technical Report INT-304. Ogden, UT
Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Bill Slocumb
Contact_Organization: North Carolina State University
Contact_Position: Research Associate/GIS Specialist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 5112 Jordan Hall
City: Raleigh
State_or_Province: North Carolina
Postal_Code: 27695
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 919-515-3432
Hours_of_Service: 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. EST, Monday Through Friday
Contact_Instructions:
Data available on national NPS spatial data clearinghouse, www.nps.gov/gis/available_data.html
Resource_Description: yell_fire88perim.e00.zip
Distribution_Liability:
The National Park Service shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. These data and related graphics ("GIF" format files) are not legal documents and are not intended to be used as such. The information contained in these data is dynamic and may change over time. The data are not better than the original sources from which they were derived. It is the responsibility of the data user to use the data appropriately and consistent within the limitations of geospatial data in general and these data in particular. The related graphics are intended to aid the data user in acquiring relevant data; it is not appropriate to use the related graphics as data. The National Park Service gives no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of these data. It is strongly recommended that these data are directly acquired from an NPS server and not indirectly through other sources which may have changed the data in some way. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the National Park Service, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the utility of the data on another system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. This disclaimer applies both to individual use of the data and aggregate use with other data.
Standard_Order_Process:
Non-digital_Form: None
Fees: None
Ordering_Instructions:
Dataset available on the NPS Spatial Data Clearinghouse: www.nps.gov/gis/available_data.html.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: ARCE
Format_Version_Number: Version 8.0.1
Format_Specification: .e00
Transfer_Size: .739
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name:
ftp://ftp.ncsu.edu/pub/unity/lockers/ftp/npsftp/pu b/data/YELL/<file name>
Fees: None
Ordering_Instructions:
Dataset available at any time via the world wide web.
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 19971126
Metadata_Review_Date: 20001004
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:
Spatial Analysis Center - Yellowstone National
Park
Contact_Position: GIS Specialist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing Address
Address: Yellowstone Center for Resources
Address: Spatial Analysis Center
Address: P.O. Box 168
City: Yellowstone National Park
State_or_Province: Wyoming
Postal_Code: 82190
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (307) 344-2246
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (307) 344-2211
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: yell_gis@nps.gov
Hours_of_Service:
8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. (Mountain Time) Monday Through Friday
Contact_Instructions:
Please check web site first: http://www.nps.gov/yell/technical/gis
Metadata_Standard_Name:
FGDC Content Standards For Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: June 8, 1994
Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
Metadata_Use_Constraints: None
Metadata_Security_Information:
Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None
Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified
Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None
Generated by mp on Wed Oct 4 14:26:15 2000